Housing · 2026 rules

Refinance break-even

Breaking a mortgage early costs either three months of interest or an interest-rate differential — and the two figures can differ by a factor of ten. This compares the penalty and fees against the payment you would actually save.

  • IRD vs three-month penalty
  • Break-even month
  • Cumulative savings curve
Your numberslive
$
%
%
Cost to break
Penalty type
mo
%
$

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Monthly payment saving
$277
$2,922 now, $2,645 at 4.09%
You recover the $23,695 cost of switching after 7 yr 2 mo.
Penalty
$22,295
Greater of IRD and three months of interest
Other costs
$1,400
Legal, appraisal, discharge
Break-even
7 yr 2 mo
Longer than the time left in your term

The two penalty formulas

Three months of interest5.34% on $420,000 for a quarter$5,607
Interest rate differential(5.34% − 2.89%) × $420,000 × 26/12$22,295
What you would be charged$22,295

The IRD calculation is the one to check in your contract. Some lenders discount your original rate by the discount you received at origination before running the subtraction, which materially increases the penalty.

Cumulative position after switching

Dollars ahead or behind, month by month, after paying the penalty and fees
-$23,695-$17,771-$11,847-$5,923$1071421283542495660Months after switchingNet position

Lifetime interest, three ways

Total interest paid from here to payoff
Stay at your current rate$251,636
$2,922 a month
Switch and lower the payment$209,379
Including the penalty and fees
Switch and keep the old paymentbetter$181,769
Mortgage-free in 16 yr 6 mo
A straight switch at renewal is exempt from the stress testMoving your mortgage to a new lender at renewal with the same balance and the same remaining amortization no longer requires requalifying. Add new money or extend the amortization and the test applies again.
How this is calculated

The three-month penalty is the balance times your annual rate divided by four. The interest rate differential is the gap between your rate and the lender’s current rate for a comparable remaining term, applied to the balance for the months left.

Break-even is the upfront cost divided by the monthly saving. It ignores the interest you would earn on the money instead, which matters little at typical deposit rates and typical break-even periods of under two years.

The third scenario keeps your existing payment after refinancing, so the entire rate saving goes to principal. It almost always produces the lowest lifetime interest.

These results are illustrative estimates based on published 2026 rates and typical lender rules. They are not financial, tax, or legal advice, and they are not a mortgage or credit approval. See the methodology and disclaimer.

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